Philosophers of the Arabs
| Contemporary |
| Modern |
| Non-Arabs |
| Societies |
| How to Support |
Richard C. Taylor.
Dominique Urvoy.
John Esposito.
Mehdi Golshani.
In the following we present non-Arab thinkers and philosophers within three tables, the first is devoted to Islamic thinkers of non-Arabic origin, the second includes contemporary eminent Orientalists thinkers and the third is devoted to multiculturalists and non-Western Thinkers.